1. Optical Imaging System

• Underwater Lens: Designed with pressure-resistant and waterproof features, equipped with wide-angle or zoom lenses for varied scenarios (e.g., cages, ponds).
• Low-Light Enhancement: Utilizes large apertures or infrared illumination to address turbid water or dark environments (e.g., nighttime monitoring).

2. Pressure & Sealing Technology

• Pressure-Resistant Housing: Typically made of stainless steel or titanium, rated for depths of 10–100 meters (model-dependent).
• O-Ring Seals: Prevent leaks and ensure long-term electronic stability.

3. Data Transmission

• Wired: Real-time video transmission via waterproof cables (common in fixed installations).
• Wireless: Advanced models support acoustic communication or buoy-relayed 4G/5G signals.

4. Smart Analytics

• AI Recognition: Algorithms detect fish density, feeding patterns, or disease signs (e.g., white spots).
• Multi-Sensor Integration: Combines temperature/salinity sensors with synchronized video logging.

Case Study:

• Norwegian salmon farms use cameras for automated fry survival rate counting, achieving <3% error